Indonesia has demonstrated a notable reduction in its poverty levels, with Statistics Indonesia (BPS) reporting that the number of poor citizens stood at 23.36 million people as of September 2025. This figure represents 8.25 percent of the total population and marks a significant decrease of 490,000 individuals compared to March 2025.
This positive trend in poverty reduction in Indonesia has been consistent across multiple periods, as highlighted by BPS Head Amalia Adininggar Widyasanti. Speaking at a press conference on Thursday, February 5, she emphasized that both urban and rural areas have contributed to this ongoing decline.
Widyasanti further detailed the sustained progress, noting that “since March 2023 up to September 2025, both the number and rate of poverty have continuously decreased.” Specifically, the urban poverty rate in September 2025 reached 6.6 percent, showing a 0.13 percent improvement from March 2025. Concurrently, rural poverty also saw a reduction, settling at 10.72 percent, down by 0.31 percent over the identical period.
Despite the overall national improvement, geographical disparities persist. Java Island continues to bear the largest share of the nation’s impoverished population, accounting for 12.32 million people, or approximately 52.75 percent of the total poor population in Indonesia. In stark contrast, Kalimantan emerged as the region with the fewest poor residents.
Amalia elaborated on this regional contrast, stating, “The lowest number of poor people is found on Kalimantan Island, totaling 880,000 individuals, which is roughly 3.76 percent of Indonesia’s entire poor population.” Furthermore, comparing data with March 2025, a decrease in poverty rates was observed across all Indonesian regions, with Maluku and Papua registering the most substantial improvement at a 0.68 percent reduction.
BPS defines an individual as poor if their expenditure falls below the designated poverty line. Based on the findings of the National Socioeconomic Survey (Susenas), the poverty line for September 2025 was established at IDR 641,443 per capita per month. Considering an average poor household comprises 4.76 members, this translates to a household poverty line of IDR 3,053,269 per poor household per month.
Summary
Indonesia berhasil mengurangi jumlah penduduk miskin menjadi 23,36 juta jiwa atau 8,25% dari total populasi pada September 2025, menurut data Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS). Angka ini menunjukkan penurunan signifikan sebanyak 490.000 individu dibandingkan Maret 2025. Penurunan ini konsisten sejak Maret 2023, meliputi area perkotaan dengan tingkat kemiskinan 6,6% dan perdesaan 10,72% pada September 2025.
Meskipun ada perbaikan nasional, disparitas regional masih terlihat; Pulau Jawa menampung mayoritas penduduk miskin sebanyak 12,32 juta jiwa, sementara Kalimantan memiliki jumlah terendah sebesar 880.000 jiwa. Tingkat kemiskinan menurun di semua wilayah Indonesia, dengan Maluku dan Papua menunjukkan perbaikan terbesar. BPS mendefinisikan miskin sebagai individu dengan pengeluaran di bawah garis kemiskinan, yang ditetapkan sebesar Rp 641.443 per kapita per bulan untuk September 2025.